03.05.26

The impact of procrastination on estate planning, retirement, and health

Executive Summary
Insights Report
Research Dialogue

Procrastination is more than just putting off everyday tasks—it can have lasting consequences for financial security, health, and overall well-being. New research from the TIAA Institute examines how this behavioral tendency shapes critical retirement decisions, estate planning preparedness, and health outcomes among older Americans.

Summary

Does having procrastination tendencies impact financial and health decisions? Examining survey data from individuals 50 and older, we examine how procrastination measure is related to to important financial and health decisions. Procrastination scores were dichotomized at the sample median to classify participants as procrastinators or non-procrastinators. The analysis shows that procrastinators face significant challenges in retirement readiness. They are less likely to create wills or trusts, plan bequests, or report satisfaction with retirement. These findings highlight important opportunities for intervention through commitment tools, simplified planning processes, and targeted financial education to help individuals overcome procrastination and improve retirement outcomes.

Key Insights

  • Procrastinators are 9.3 percentage points less likely to have a will or trust, leaving them unprepared for end-of-life financial arrangements and missing opportunities to benefit their families
  • Those who procrastinate report significantly lower retirement satisfaction and describe themselves as being in worse health compared to their non-procrastinating peers
  • Education and ethnicity emerge as key demographic indicators: Individuals with less than a high school education are nearly three times more likely to procrastinate compared to those with college education, while those identifying as Hispanic show a 20% higher likelihood of procrastination

Only 45% of retirement-age Americans surveyed have a will or trust in place—and procrastinators are significantly less likely to be among them.

Methodology

This research uses data from the 2020 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative longitudinal panel study of approximately 20,000 Americans over age 50 conducted by the University of Michigan in partnership with the National Institute on Aging. The analysis focuses on 1,252 respondents who completed the Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS), a 12-item validated survey instrument measuring procrastination behaviors. Researchers created a binary measure identifying individuals in the top 50% of procrastination scores and used multivariate regression analysis to examine the relationship between procrastination and outcomes in estate planning, retirement , and health. The models controlled for demographic factors including gender, age, race, ethnicity, education level, marital status, number of children, Social Security income, and geographic region.

Impact of procrastination on respondents' having a will or trust
Author
Rohan Shah

University of Wisconsin-Madison

Anita Mukherjee

University of Wisconsin-Madison

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