03.16.25

A review of existing measures of retirement well-being

Research Dialogue

Many retirees lack the resources to maintain their pre-retirement standard of living. Yet, the vast majority also say they are happy with their lives in retirement.

Summary

Gerontologists and psychologists have found a weak correlation between older Americans’ financial circumstances and retirement satisfaction. These conflicting signals suggest financial or life satisfaction questions do not provide a complete assessment of how retirees are actually doing. This study assesses the extent to which various measures of retirement well-being are consistent across public surveys and whether subjective assessments are consistent with objective measures of well-being.

Key Insights

  • Surveys that ask older adults about life satisfaction consistently show that over 90% retirees are quite satisfied and happy.
  • The correlation between various financial measures and life satisfaction is virtually zero and often insignificant. 
  • The only financial component that matters to satisfaction is non-mortgage debt. But even so, the relationship to life satisfaction is small.
  • Objective physical health is the only moderately good predictor of life satisfaction.  

Satisfaction surveys are a poor test of retirement income policy.

Methodology

The researchers examined existing measures of well-being and the datasets used in the analysis. They then compared the various subjective well-being measures to see if they are consistent across datasets and assessed the relationship between subjective and objective measures of well-being.

Percentage of respondents moderately or very satisfied with retirement between 1992 and 2020 has been relatively stable.
Authors
Angie Chen

Boston College

Gal Wettstein

Boston College